内隐学习与外显学习的比较研究

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IMPLICIT LEARNING AND EXPLICIT LEARNING

本实验选择88级大学生80名,分内隐和外显学习组。学习阶段使用部分报告法,测验阶段使用再认、再现两种方法检查学习效果。实验结果支持了雷伯等人关于内隐学习中指导语效应的研究成果,与他们关于内隐学习在记忆及内在结构掌握等多方面优于外显学习的结论一致,并对意识在内隐学习中作用进行了尝试性研究和讨论。

In the research,80 students are divided into two groups of implicit learning and explicit learning respectively.During the learning period,a partial-report method is used;during the testing period,both recognitionand reappearence methods are used to exam-ine the learning.The results of the researchsupport the findings made by A.S.Reber etal.about the effect of instructional sets,andcoincide with their result that the implicitgroup is better than the explicit group inmemorizing and mastering the structure.The research also discusses the effect of con-s ciousness on implicit learning.