影响玻璃化学钢化盐浴活性因素的研究

Study on the Activity of Molten Salts Baths for Ion Exchange Strengthening Glass

研究了盐浴的失活与复活。分别选择不锈钢、银、铝和铜作为反应容器的材料,发现不锈钢和铜质容器容易受到硝酸钾和亚硝酸钾熔液的腐蚀,而银和铝则相对稳定。经过硝酸钾和亚硝酸钾钢化处理后的玻璃表面应力层厚度有很大差别。硝酸钾熔液在使用初期会暂时失去活性,失活的熔液在经过时效处理后能够复活;而使用亚硝酸钾的过程中却没有发现失去活性的现象。分析了失活机理并根据这一机理选择了活化剂。

Deactivation and reactivation of salt baths are studied. Stainless steel, silver, aluminum and copper are chosen as reaction container materials. It was found that stainless steel and copper are easily eroded by molten potassium nitrate and potassium nitrite,while silver and aluminum containers are much more stable. The thickness of surface stress layer is very different between the glasses strengthened by potassium nitrate and potassium nitrite. The molten potassium nitrate loses its activation at the beginning of ion exchange process, whereas the deactivated baths can be reactivated by aging treatment. Deactivation is not found during the ion exchange by using molten potassium nitrite. The mechanism of deactivation is analyzed. According to the mechanism several activators are selected.