中国传统灌溉工程及技术的传承和发展

The Inheritance and Development of Traditional ChineseIrrigation Project and Technology

中国兴修灌溉工程的历史悠久 ,积累了丰富的工程技术经验。文章认为我国人民因地制宜创造的传统灌溉工程类型 ,如引水渠道、陂塘堰坝、陂渠串联、圩垸、井灌、御咸蓄淡等在现今皆得到了继承。传统的灌渠工程技术、塘堰和开发地下水工程技术、圩田和海塘工程等许多卓越技术在现今也得到传承和发扬。在阐述以上事实的基础上进一步分析总结了传统工程及技术继承的特征、要点 ,及改造利用的途径与意义。

China has a long history of constructing irrigation projects and accum ulated rich experience in this area. This essay holds the view that the traditio nal Chinese types of irrigation projects invented by Chinese people depending on local conditions, such as diversion ditches, ponds and weirs, ponds connected i n series, protective embankments in lakeside areas, well irrigation, resisting s altwater and saving freshwater, all have been inherited nowadays. At the same ti me, such excellent traditional technologies of irrigation projects as building s mall reserviors in hilly areas, exploiting underground water, constructing seawa lls and low-lying paddy fields surrounded with dykes, are inherited and develope d in today's world. After elaborating the above facts, this essay further summar izes the features, essentials of traditional Chinese technologies of irrigation projects and the ways and significance of innovating and using them.