集群:乡镇企业发展的有效途径

Clusters:The Useful Developing Mrthord of Town & Village Enterprises

企业作为一个开放系统,必须与外界环境不断进行沟通和交流,才能维持其生存和发展。企业集群是相互联系、相互作用的企业在地理空间上集聚并形成持续竞争优势的现象。集群可以使企业获得外部经济、规模优势和范围经济,提高企业的创新能力。通过集群式发展,可以缓解乡镇企业发展中因布局分散、规模小,导致的规模不经济、城镇化滞后、土地浪费和环境污染等一系列问题,使乡镇企业重获新的竞争优势。

As an open system, firms can only survive and prospect by making ongoing communication and continual interaction with their respective external environment.Enterprise clusters are the phenomena that enterprises locate together in a closely geographic region,and form competitive advantages.Enterprise clusters make firms gain external economies,economies of scale,economies of scope,and enhance the firms' abilities of innovation.By building enterprise clusters,TVE can resolve a lot of problems in the developing process,such as diseconomies of scale,lag of urbanization,land wasting and environmental pollution,and then regain competitive advantages.