既仕慕隐——从《答何邵二首》看张华后期仕宦心态

HAVING WANTED NOT ONLY BEING AN OFFICIAL BUT ALSO TO BE RECLUSE ——The Official's Mind of Zhang Hua in the Later Period from《Two Answers to He Shao》

世风、士风及社会思潮都是影响士人心态变化的重要原因。张华是西晋时期由庶族而致位通显的名士典型。《答何邵二首》作于晚年,其中有较多真情实感的流露。通过对这两首诗的解读有助于揭示西晋士人心态的发展变化历程:即从建功立业的济世豪情到既仕慕隐的彷徨心态,最终进入朝隐的消极状态。

Social atmosphere, demeanour and social trend of thought of intellectuals are the important causes that influenced scholar's mind. Zhang Hua was the personage who held high office being a model in the Western Jin Dynasty by the multitudinous clan.《Two Answers to He Shao》 were written in his old age,showing unintentionally more real situations and true feeling.Analysing the two poems we can know the changing course of scholar's mind of the Western Jin Dynasty i.e.,from winning merits to the hesitating mind of having wanted not only being an official but also to be recluse,and finally to the court negative state hidden from view.