国际关系研究的智者——雷蒙·阿隆

Raymond Aron -A Bright Scholar of International Relations

雷蒙·阿隆是国际政治经典现实主义学派的代表人物。阿隆认为,国际政治与国内政治有着本质的区别。战争与和平的交替是国际关系的核心问题。国际政治的悖论首先是伦理与效率的矛盾。对外政策的首要目的,就是在一个国家拥有合法行使暴力权力的世界上,寻求和平与安全。终其一生,阿隆都在探究1945年以来国际体系发生的变化。他认为,核武器笼罩下的两极和异质是战后国际体系的主要特征,由此也造成核时代国际战略、国际伦理的两难困境。尽管阿隆的分析和思考连同冷战都已经成为历史,但他研究国际关系的方法,他的政治、历史和哲学智慧对我们今天认识当代的国际政治仍然有着重要意义。

Raymond Aron is one of the representatives of classic realism school in international politics study. He believes that the absurdity of international politics firstly is the contradiction between ethic and efficiency. To him, the first and foremost aim of foreign policy is to seek peace and security in a world in which state could resort to violence legally. The methodology of international relations study is quite different from that of natural sciences, and since the study of international relations is full of humanity elements, it could not but be closely connected with the studies of politics, history and philosophy. The main characters of international system after the Second World War are the two-polar system and the heterogeneity under the threat of nuclear weapon. The uncertainty of the impact of nuclear weapon on international relations puts international strategy and international ethic into a dilemma. Therefore , it is necessary to identify to what extent nuclear weapon and nuclear determent changed the functioning of international system.