“浪漫的书”——论施莱格尔的小说理论与小说试验

Romantic books":Schlegel's theory and practice of novel

小说对于浪漫作家的美学诉求有着特殊的意义。德国早期浪漫理论家和作家弗里德里希·施莱格尔在这方面不仅有理论思考,也有文学实践。在《小说书柬》中,施氏称小说是"浪漫的书"。他认为小说最具现代诗的特征,因为它可以兼合各种文体,最符合浪漫文学"进步的整体诗"的特点。施氏的小说《卢琴德》堪称他浪漫诗学的实验作品。作品力图体现的正是他所主张的"阿拉贝斯克"、主体介入、自白以及开放性文本等诗学理念。本文着重探讨和评述了放映在施莱格尔小说理论思考和实践之中的艺术理念,同时也指出了这些理念与现代德语小说的传承关系。

Novels are of special importance to the aesthetic pursuit of Romanticism. Friedrich Schlegel, German writer and Romantic theoretician of early stage, not only develops his own theories, but also puts them into practice. In Letter about the Novel, Schlegel call novels 'romantic books'. He thinks that novel has the best characteristics of contemporary poem, so it can include varied literary forms, which is the most suitable for the characteristics of Romantic 'developed concourse of poems'. Schlegels Lucinde can be called his experimental work of Romantic poetics. What this book shows is, which he advocates, the poetic ideas of 'Arabeske', interposition of subject, selfexpression, open text, etc. This paper emphasizes the research and arrangement of the artistic ideas, which are reflected in Schlegels theory and practice of novel, and points out the connecting relationship between these ideas and German contemporary novels.