当代西方翻译研究的三大突破和两大转向

Three breakthroughs & two turns in contemporary Western translation studies

对20世纪下半叶以来的当代西方翻译理论进行全面的梳理,指出翻译研究先后经历了两次转向,即语言学转向和文化转向,具体表现在翻译研究实现了三大根本性的突破:首先,翻译研究开始从一般层面上的语言间的对等研究深入到了对翻译行为本身的深层探究。其次,翻译研究不再局限于翻译文本本身的研究,而是把目光投射到了译作的生产和消费过程。最后,翻译研究不再把翻译看成是语言转换间的孤立片段,相反,它把翻译放到一个宏大的文化语境中去审视。

This paper makes a brief survey of western translation theories since 1950s, pointing out that two turns, namely, linguistic turn and cultural turn, have occurred in translation studies. The clear tendencies can be illustrated by the following three fundamental breakthroughs. Firstly, more emphasis is put on the study of what translation itself is rather than how to achieve linguistic correspondence; secondly, the scope of translation studies is extended beyond translated texts to investigate how they have been manufactured and consumed; thirdly, translation is not no longer regarded as an isolated fragment of language but as part of a broader sociocultural context.