从曾朴到李劼人:中国长篇历史小说现代模式的形成

From Zeng Pu to Li Jieren: the Forming of the Mode of Modern Chinese Historical Novels

过去十多年的现代文学研究,确立了李人在中国现代历史小说创作上的开拓者地位。实际上,中国历史小说现代模式的开创者是曾朴,而完成者是李人。曾朴与李人,均师承法国19世纪小说,以"风俗史"、"非英雄"的审美追求和独立的历史叙述,创作出与传统历史小说演义正史、叙写英豪、表现正统道德完全不同的现代历史小说模式。由于社会文化原因,曾朴、李人的历史小说模式,并未成为中国现代历史小说的主流。40年代以后的中国现代长篇小说,更多是茅盾式的"社会剖析"形式;而历史小说创作,则基本回复到五四前的传统历史小说套路上。

It's generally held that Li Jieren is the pioneer writer of modern Chinese historical novels after the study of over 10 years. In fact, Zeng Pu, who is famous as a writer of exposure (Qianze Xiaoshuo), is the first pioneer writer of modern Chinese historical novels, and Li Jieren further completes such style. Zeng and Li studied and imitated historical novels from 19thcentury French novels, then created modern historical narrative mode in which the plot is just the history of custom and the characters are nonheroes. Nevertheless, the main tendency of novel creation after the 1940's has not been the style of Zeng and Li's, but Mao Dun's style which is called 'social analyzing style'. Meanwhile, the creation of historical novels in China has returned to the old way of narrating the orthodox history.