文明传承的非稳定性特征——关于辽西考古文化演替规律的思考

On Unstable Characteristics of Cultural Inheritance ——On Contemplation of the Evolving Laws in Archaeological Culture in Western Liaoning Province

从辽西考古文化的空间分布、聚落遗址的规模形态、生产工具的组合特点及演替规律中可以看出,该地区新石器时期以来文化发展受生产经济形态转变的非稳定性特征的影响。环境条件特别是气候条件是影响辽西地区早期文化发展的本质因素。气候温暖期,定居的农业文化昌盛,气候寒冷期,只能维持低水平的简单畜牧经济。造成新石器时代—青铜时代该地区产生经济形态转变和文化倒退的直接原因是5000aB.P.-4000aB.P.降温事件及铁器冷期寒冷气候的作用。环境因素的剧烈波动过程阻碍了该地区文化与生产经济形态的正常演进与发展。

The cultural development in western Liaoning Province has been influenced by the unstable characteristics of transformation of the productive and economic formation since the period of New Stone Age, from the perspectives of space distribution of the archaeological culture in western Liaoning, range formation of the dwelling sites and the integrated characteristics and evolving laws of production tools. The environment, in particular, the climate, was a fundamental factor in influencing the early cultural development in this area. In warm climate settled agricultural culture flourished while in cold climate only inferiorleveled simple livestock husbandry could suvvive. The direct cause to the transformation of the economic formation and a cultural recession in this area in the period of New Stone Age-the Bronze Age, was the event of a drop in temperature from 5000a B.P. to 4000a B. P. and a cold climate in the Cold Iron Age. The severe changing of the enviornment hindered a healthy evolution and development in the culture and productive and economic formation in this area.