抗日战争时期湖北新县制的推行与基层政权变革

The Practice of the New County System and the Reform of Grassroots Government in Hubei Province during the Anti-Japanese War Period

抗日战争时期 ,根据国民政府的指令 ,湖北省政府在全省范围内实施了新县制。其内容主要是重新划定县等、扩大县政府组织、增强县政府职权、调整裁减区署、裁撤联保、建立乡镇公所、重组保甲 ,以及普及教育、整顿财政体系等等 ,其目的是建立党政军教一体、管教养卫合一的基层政治和管理体制。新县制的推行 ,加强了国民党对农村基层政权和人民的控制 ,与其所标榜的“地方自治”背道而驰。

During the Anti Japanese War Period , according to the direction of Kuomintang government, the government of Hubei province carried out the new county system. It is mainly about: re delimiting the grades of counties, enlarging the organization of county government, strengthening the function and powers of county governments, adjusting and reducing the districts, cutting down and removing the united-Bao, establishing offices of small towns , reorganizing Bao jia, and popularizing education, rectifing the financial system ,etc. Its aim is to establish a grassroots politics and administration system which the parties, politics, armies and education are mixed, and also the administration,education,production ,defence, together as one. The implement of the new county system strengthened Kuomintang's control over the grassroots government and the people of countryside ,and it was running in the opposite direction of it's so call 'local autonomy'.