绵绵长恨 也哀也美——试论《平家物语》对《长恨歌》的借鉴

Ceaseless Missing,both Lamentable and Plausible——On the Borrowing of Story of the Ping's from Bai Juyi's Lifelong Missing

对中国典籍的大量借鉴是《平家物语》在创作上的一大特点。其中以对白居易诗文、尤其以对白氏《长恨歌》的借鉴为最多。而正如其对《长恨歌》的借鉴主要集中于“描写杨贵妃死后 ,唐玄宗回到故宫日夜思念”的后半部分一样 ,《平家物语》借鉴白诗的主要目的在于强化其对感伤情感的抒发。这一特点与《源氏物语》等平安文学作品惊人一致 ,由此可见其对平安以来“物哀”文学传统的继承 ;又由于其后《太平记》等军记物语也都继承了这一传统 ,因此可以说 :《平家物语》是日本古代“物哀”文学传统由中古贵族向中世武士传承过程中的一部承前启后作品。

It is evident that the book of Story of the Ping's has a heavy borrowing from the Chinese classic works,especially from Bai Juyi's poems,his Lifelong Missing in the lead.Just as this borrowing is mainly to imitate the second half concubine Yang Yuhuan after her death,so the purpose of the borrowing is to give prominence to the sentimental feelings in Story of the Ping's.This in turn surprisingly coincides with the features of such halcyon writings as Story of Yuan,which shows its inheritance from the tradition of 'Lamentation writings'that followed the halcyon writings.In addition,the military stories in its work such as Chronicle of Peace and Prosperity also inherited this tradetion, it is safe to say Stories of the Ping's is a work that bridges ancient Japanese 'lamentation writings'from the medieval aristocrat era to warrior era.