南疆陆地棉蕾、花、铃空间分布遗传研究

Genetic Analysis on Spatial Distribution of Cotton Bud, Flower and Boll in South Xinjiang

应用加性-显性模型,在南疆对15个陆地棉F1的蕾、花、铃空间分布进行了遗传分析。结果表明,中部果枝第1果节蕾、花、铃加性效应较低,遗传改良的潜力有限。棉株主茎第4～5节位和第14～16节位的果枝上第1～2果节蕾数、花数和铃数的遗传主要受加性效应控制。中部果枝内围果节的蕾、花、铃主要受显性效应控制,上部和下部第1～2果节铃数的广义遗传率较大,受环境影响较小,中部杂种优势以利用第1～2果节的显性效应为主。而所有节位第3果节结铃数的遗传方差较小,广义遗传率较低,易受环境影响,可采取适当的栽培管理措施改善环境条件以获得较好效果。

Genetic analysis on spatial distribution of cotton F_1 bud, flower and boll in south Xinjiang was conducted, by additive-dominance genetic model. The results showed that additive effects on bud, flower and boll of the first node on middle branches was low, the improvement of those nodes was limited. Inheritance of number of bud, flower and boll on 4th～5th branches and 14th～16th branches from the first and 2nd fruiting nodes was mainly influenced by additive effects,whereas, the number of bud, flower and boll of interior nodes on middle branches was mostly controlled by dominance effects, the narrow sense heritability was very low. The broad sense heritability of boll number on interior nodes on branches upper branches (12th and 16th) and lower branches (2nd～sixth) was large, little influenced by environment. Utilization of heterosis of the middle branches should focus on the application of dominance effects on interior nodes. Genetic variance and the broad sense heritability of boll number on node 3 are low, and the boll number is liable to be affected by environment, then fine results would be got through improving cultivation condition .