教师课堂教学的元认知能力及其培养与训练

Teachers' teaching-metacognitive ability and it's training

教师课堂教学的元认知能力包括教师对自己课堂教学活动的元认知知识、元认知体验及元认知监控三方面,它是教师对自己的教学行为的自我觉察、自我评价和自我调节,是教师对自己教学活动的自我意识。探讨教师课堂教学的元认知有助于改变教师的教育角色,促使他们从"教书匠"向"全能型"教师转变,从"经验型"教师向"学者型"教师转变。研究表明,教师课堂教学的元认知能力经历了一个从无到有、从低水平到高水平、从不自觉到自动化、从快速增长到逐渐稳定的过程,其培养与训练可以采用传授元认知知识、学会批判反思、现场指导等措施。

Teachers' teaching-metacognitive ability is a general designation of their metacognitive knowledge,metacognitive experience and metacognitive monitoring about teaching.It is a teacher's self-awareness,self-evaluaton and self-regulatin about his own teaching,and also a self-awareness about his own teaching activities.It is very important to investigate teachers' teaching-metacognitive ability for improving their woking efficency.The development of teachers' teaching-metacognitive ability experiences such a process:it appeares slowly,then goes from lower level to higher level,passive to automotic,fast-growing to slow-increasing.Methods of training of teachers' mecognitive ability are to give metacognitive knowledge to teachers,help them become critically reflective teachers and direct them on the spot,etc.