亚太地区青光眼的流行病学

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF GLAUCOMA IN ASIA-PACIFIC

原发性开角性青光眼是亚太地区第二主要的永久盲目原因.所以确定与开角性青光眼相关的流行病学和其危险因素是非常重要的.青光眼视神经损害的危险性随着年龄和眼内压的升高而增加.本文强调了我们对几个开角青光眼危险因素的研究:1.眼压升高;2.近视眼;3.怀疑视神经杯盘比增大;4.伴有视盘出血的视杯;5.视神经纤维缺损.被认为是具有原发性青光眼危险因素一般的和系统状态为:1.青光眼家族史;2.年龄增长;3.糖尿病;4.如视网膜中央静脉阻塞等的心血管状态;5.讨论青光眼对甲状腺素和皮质类固醇高反应的内分泌失调.

Primary open angle glaucoma is the second mostimportant cause of permanent blindness in the Asia-Pacific region. Thus it is very important to identify epidemiological and other risk factors which are associated with open angle glaucoma. The risk for glaucoma optic nerve <fymag·increases with the age and with the level of the intraocular pressure. In this paper, I will highlight our study of several risk factors for development of the open angle glaucoma like (l)elevated intraocular pressure, (2)myopia, (3)suspicious large optic disc cup, (4)cupping with disc haemorrhages and (5)nerve fibre defect. The general and systemic conditions which are implicated as risk factors are (l)family history of glaucoma. (2)increase in age, (3)diabetes mellitus, (4)cardiovascular conditions like central retinal vein occlusion etc. (5)the endocrine disorders with increased thyroid and increased corticosteroids responsiveness in patients with glaucoma will be discussed.