饲料中钙、磷和水体盐度对南美白对虾幼虾生长的影响

Effect of dietary calcium phosphorus and environmental salinity on growth of juvenile Penaeus vannamei

用不同钙、磷含量的配合饲料在不同的盐度水体中对南美白对虾幼虾(Penaeusvan namei)进行饲养试验。试验采取L9(34) ,磷添加量设3个水平 :0% ,0.75% ,1.5% ;钙添加量设3个水平 :0% ,0.75 % ,1.5% ;水体盐度设3个水平 :4 ,17,30。结果显示 ,各因素对南美白对虾体质量日增率、饲料系数、成活率的影响大小为 :盐度>磷>钙 ,对蛋白质效率的影响大小为 :盐度>钙>磷。盐度4时 ,不添加钙的组体质量日增率、饲料系数、成活率和蛋白质效率最差 ;盐度17时 ,饲料中磷的添加非常重要。南美白对虾幼虾最适的生长因素是 :盐度为17 ,钙添加量为1.5 % ,磷添加量为1.5%

This experiment was conducted on three factors of growth in juvenile Penaeus vannamei by using the L9(34) table of orthogonal design for three levels of calcium supplements (0%, 0.75%, 1.5%) , three levels of phosphorus supplements (0%, 0.75%,1.5%) and three environmental salinity levels(4, 17, 30) .Results show that the effect on weight gain, feed conversion ratio and survival rate were as follows: salinity > phosphorus> calcium , the effect on protein efficiency ratio were: salinity > calcium > phosphorus, in the range of the factor levels. A diet without Calcium Supplement had by far the lowest growth, surival rates and food conversion in salinity 4 group. The phosphorus dietary supplement had a major effect on growth in the salinity 17 group. An orthogonal design was employed to determine optimum levels for environmental salinity (17), phosphorus supplements (1.5%)and calcium supplements (1.5%).