国家与社会:马克思主义经典作家之阐释

State and Society: on Classical Marxist Writers

马克思在批判地继承和发展黑格尔思想的基础上,形成了国家与社会关系的科学理论。继而,恩格斯、列宁等马克思主义经典作家又进一步丰富和发展了这一理论。该理论认为:社会决定国家,国家来自于社会;但国家又异化为社会的异己力量,并反过来控制了社会,从而出现了国家和社会的一体化现象;到了资本主义时期,社会开始摆脱国家的控制并恢复为一个相对独立的领域,从而出现了国家与社会的二元性分化;从最终意义上说,国家终将回归社会,实现与社会的统一。研究和学习国家和社会的关系理论,对于我们今天的改革具有重要的指导意义。

Marx established a scientific theory of relations between state and society by critically inheriting and developing Hegel' s thoughts and was further enriched and developed by some classical Marxist writers as Engels and Lenin. The theory holds; society determines state while state comes from society; whereas, state becomes an alien factor of society and controls it so there comes the integrity of state and society; in the period of capitalism, society began to shed the control of state and becomes again a relatively independent field so there comes the dual split of state and society; in a final sense, state will return to society and integrate with it. It is important for our reform to study the theory.