污水回用改变水循环的环境经济分析

Environmental and Economic Analyses on the Changed Model of Water Circular Through Municipal Water Reusing

城市污水回用是缓解我国水危机和促进水资源良性发展的重要途径,必须将其纳入整个城市用水系统。综合考虑了污染物、水量等因素,对污水回用改变水循环的环境经济效益进行分析。研究表明:在增加污水回用这一环节后,下水系统处理污染物增加;上水系统处理污染物、排放环境污染物减少;与之对应的费用也相应增减;对整个水循环系统污水回用的环境经济净效益为:C=θωW6+RQ[(W2-W允)k-(W5-W允)k]+μQ中-αQ中β+k3Qk2下(ηk41-ηk42),可以此作为对缺水地区用户制定罚款或补贴等激励机制的基础。

Water reuse is not only the best way to solve the urgent condition of water crisis in our country but also an important way to achieve the subsistent development of water. To make some sanction suggestions in water depict area, we should take the water quality and quantity into consideration, and add the sector of reusing municipal water to the whole water circular, and make analysis on the environmental and economic net benefits of water reuse. Through elaborate research on the water circular model, it can get the result that the pollutants discharging to the wastewater system will increase, the pollutants discharging to environment and tap water system will decrease when adding the loop of water reuse, and the corresponding costs will change. For the whole water circular system, by reusing municipal water it can bring forth such environmental and economic net benefits as that formula: C=θωW6+RQ\+μQ(中)-αQ中~β+k3Q^k2下(η^(k4)1-η^(k4)2). In water deceit areas, it can make some references on the sanction mechanism such as penalty and allowance according to this environmental and economic net.