建设社会主义生育文化的理论和政策问题——宜昌案例分析

The Theory and Policy Issues Relating to the Socialism Culture About Child-bearing: at the Case of Yichang

与社会主义生育文化相对应的是个人主义、家族主义的生育文化。社会不仅有权“干预生育”,而且要“优化生育”。计划生育的历史转型大致可以概括如下:从控制型计划生育向诱导型计划生育转轨;从外生型计划生育向内生型计划生育转轨;从自在型计划生育向自觉型计划生育转轨;从愚昧型计划生育向知识型计划生育转轨。而“市场生育”概念,指的就是生育决策主要受市场力量的影响,是经过成本——效益核算的生育,因而是理性的生育。根据实地调查,宜昌市计划生育部门的主要经验大致可以概括为“三个强化”:即强化领导机制、强化知识传导和强化群众观念。宜昌之路是人口现代化超前于经济现代化的一个典范,是生育现代化超前于人口现代化的一个典范。

The main traits of child-bearing are internality and externality. The socialism culture about child-bearing is relative to the birth control as well as the birth perfection. The transformation of birth control involves four aspects. The market-oriented child-bearing is based on the benefit and cost calculations. According to the author's field survey, the Yichang's road toward the population and child-bearing modernization is the result of the strengthening the authority power., the information spread-over.the human-oriented concept.