糖尿病教育对糖尿病患者血糖控制及生活质量的影响

Effect of diabetes education on the blood glucose control and quality of life in patients with diabetes

目的:探讨糖尿病教育对糖尿病患者血糖控制和生活质量的影响。方法:回顾性分析2000-01/2001-12糖尿病患者的登记资料,共541份(1型和2型糖尿病患者分别为68和473例)。161例已经参加了糖尿病中心的健康教育课程,380例尚未参加。这些患者均填写糖尿病临床资料调查表和糖尿病知识问卷。结果:在这些患者中,其糖尿病在内分泌科和内科得到诊断的分别占44.9%和35.1%。初诊时因出现“三多”症状主动去医院就诊的占47.0%,体检时发现血糖异常的占23.8%,其余患者都是在其他情况下偶然发现确诊的。通过糖尿病健康教育课程,情绪低落的患者从刚诊断时的9.1%,在开始治疗后降至4.6%,再降至健康教育后的0.6%(χ2=17.09,P<0.001);而对自己生活质量满意的百分比则从40.2%,上升到46.3%和57.1%(χ2=14.37,P<0.001)。另外,接受糖尿病健康教育的患者,糖尿病知识问卷的得分为97+25,显著高于其他患者的(82±24)(P<0.01);同时,其空腹和餐后2h血糖水平也明显降低犤(7.3±2.9)mmol/L和(8.3±3.0)mmol/L;(11.2±4.5)mmol/L和(12.2±5.4)mmol/L犦(P均<0.05)。结论:糖尿病教育有利于糖尿病患者的血糖控制和提高生活质量。

AIM:To explore the effect of diabetes education on the glucose control and the life quality. METHODS:Data of diabetic patients registered from January 2000 to December 2001 were selected for retrospective analysis.Totally 541 cases of diabetes(68 of type 1 diabetes and 473 of type 2 diabetes) were admitted. Of these patients,161 had already received the diabetic education program and 380 had not.All the patients completed the diabetic clinical data inventory and the questionnaire of diabetic knowledge. RESULTS:In these patients,44.9% and 35.1% of them were diagnosed to be diabetes in the endocrine respectively.Only 47% of them went to the hospital for the first diagnosis because of polydipsia,polyuria and polyphagia,23.8% of them were detected the abnormal glycemia during the physical examination,and the rest of the patients were diagnosed in other cases.The percentages of patients with suppressed motion were 9.1% after diagnosis, 4.6% after a period of therapy and less than 0.6% after the diabetes education respectively(χ 2=17.09, P< 0.001).The satisfactory percentages towards the quality of life were 40.2% after diagnosis,46.3% after a period of therapy, and significantly increased to 57.1% after the diabetes education program(χ 2=14.37, P< 0.001).Besides,the scores of the questionnaire of the patients received diabetes education(97± 25) were significantly higher than those of other patients (82± 24)(P< 0.01).and the glycemic control[fasting blood glucose:(7.3± 2.9) mmol/L vs(8.3± 3.0) mmol/L,2 h postprandial blood glucose:(11.2± 4.5) mmol/L vs(12.2± 5.4) mmol/L](P< 0.05). CONCLUSION:Diabetic education is good for the glucose control and improvement of quality of life in patients with diabetes.