应对方式和社会支持对传染性非典型肺炎患者心理状况的影响

Effect of coping style and social support on the psychologic status in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome

目的:心理社会因素影响心理健康水平,研究心理社会因素对传染性非典型性肺炎(severeacuterespiratorysyndrome,SARS)康复期患者心理健康状况的影响。方法:用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、应对方式调查表(MCMQ)和社会支持评定量表对35例SARS康复期拟出院的患者(康复组)进行调查研究,并作相关分析。结果:①康复组在SAS和SDS总评分、躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、偏执和阳性项目均分均高于对照组(t=2.41,2.37,2.89,2.36,2.53,2.26和2.30,P<0.05～0.01);②康复组采用的应付方式依次为面对(19.5±2.0)、回避(16.9±3.3)和屈从(7.2±2.2);③经相关分析发现:客观支持与应付方式屈从显著负相关(r=-0.68,P=0.03),支持利用度与应付方式面对显著正相关(r=0.55,P=0.02)。焦虑评分与应对方式屈从呈显著正相关(r=0.15,P=0.037)。结论:提高患者的社会支持度和支持的利用度有利于提高SARS康复患者的心理健康水平。

AIM:To explore the effect of psychosocial factors on mental health, and to study the effect of psychosocial factor on the psychologic status in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) in rehabilitation period. METHODS:Thirty five SARS patients in rehabilitation period( rehabilitation group) were assessed with Symptom Checklist(SCl 90),Self Rating Anxious Scale(SAS),Self Rating Depressive Scale(SDS),Medical Coping Modes Questionnaires(MCMQ) and Social Support Rating Scale,and correlation analysis was also performed. RESULTS:Compared with the control group, the rehabilitation group had higher scores in SAS,SDS,somatization,depression,anxiety,paranoid and positive items(t=2.41, 2.37, 2.89, 2.36, 2.53, 2.26, 2.30, P< 0.05, P< 0.01);The coping styles in the rehabilitation group were confrontation(19.5± 2.0),avoidance( 16.9± 3.3) and resignation( 7.2± 2.2) .The correlation analysis showed that there was significant and negative correlation between objective social support and resignation(r=- 0.68, P=0.03),there was significant and positive correlation between usage of social support and confrontation(r=0.55, P=0.02),also between anxiety score and resignation(r=0.15, P=0.037). CONCLUSION:It is good for the mental health of SARS patients in rehabilitation period to improve the social support and usage of support.