从海亚姆现象看东西文化的相交汇流

Viewing the Cultural Convergence of the East and the West from the Perspective of Khyyam Phenomenon

运用比较文学的研究视域,对波斯诗人海亚姆在东西方掀起的"波斯热"现象进行了文化观照,通过对中西传统文化特质、思维形式等差异性的比照分析,认为20世纪初,处于传统意识形态下的中国文人,所以接受波斯哲人海亚姆的鲁拜诗,极大程度上并非出于艺术审美意义上的文学欣赏或对波斯文学本身的探究,而是源于自身文化变革的需要和对西学的崇尚,以藉此作为张扬个性和自由的范本;海亚姆现象表明,一种文化对他种文化的吸收总是根据自己的文化需要和文化框架来进行的,即使两种文化相交汇流,双方都从相互对比和冲突中获得了益处,也仍然会各自保留着自己的鲜明个性。

By comparing the differences between traditional Chinese culture,way of thinking and those of the west,the article makes an analysis about the Persia Craze phenomenon started by the Persian poet Khyyam in the eastern and western world.The article argues that the reason why the traditional Chinese scholars at the beginning of the 20th century accepted Khyyam′s poems was not that they had a strong artistic taste for literature itself,but that they derived such an acceptance from the need of cultural transformation and their admiration for the western studies so as to make public their personality and freedom.Khyyam phenomenon indicates that one culture bases its absorption of another on its own cultural need and framework.Even if two cultures converge,both can benefit a lot from the differences and conflicts while retaining their own characteristics.