但丁的美学和诗学思想

On Dante's Aesthetic and Poetic Thoughts

但丁的《神曲》、《论俗语》、《飨宴》、《致斯加拉亲王书》等著作,蕴涵着丰富的美学和诗学思想。但丁美学思想的哲学基础是中世纪神学和亚里斯多德哲学,也间接吸收了一些从君士坦丁堡传来的阿拉伯哲学家的思想。但丁的美学思想充分显示出从中世纪美学向近代美学转折的特点,他在强调上帝是一切美的本源、艺术的象征性的同时,也提倡"艺术取法自然",并应表现个人主观感受与激情。但丁对文学语言特性及审美性的认识、关于诗的定义和基本体裁分类等诗学见解,也是卓有识见的。

Dante's works contained many aesthetic and poetic thoughts. These thoughts were on the basis of his philosophic thoughts. His aesthetic thoughts are characteristic of the transition from medieval aesthetics to modern aesthetics. He not only thought that the god was the source of all beauties and the signal of all art, but also promoted that ' art should mimic nature', and should embody personal feelings and emotions. In addition, he had also put forward some important poetic thoughts, such as the nature and aesthetics of literary language, the definition and types of poetry, etc.