西汉早期柿园墓四神云气图壁画保护研究(一)——历史与现状调查

Conservation and restoration of wall paintings of early Western Han Dynasty (1)——Investigation of conservation history and actuality

壁画保护研究,多集中在正面的保护以及揭取方法和材料的选用。对壁画揭取选用材料性能的系统研究甚少,而对已揭取壁画的破坏与保护的研究更少。已揭取壁画的破坏包含壁画原有的破坏和揭取所用材料蜕变引发的破坏。已揭取壁画具有结构体系的复杂性和破坏类型的多样性,其破坏类型往往是交织在一起的。对此类壁画的保护修复应建立在全面调查、系统研究的理论框架上。其研究内容涉及多学科以及多类型材料和方法的综合运用,其调查内容,也须从壁画制作工艺、材料、环境、破坏类型、原有保护材料以及材料相互作用等方面界定。本工作对西汉早期柿园墓四神云气图壁画的历史状况和现状进行了全面调查。调查结果无疑对后续的研究、对认识壁画的破坏形式和性质具有重要的作用,更有助于实施对古代壁画的科学保护和修复。

More studies have been concentrated on conservation methods and materials for the face of wall paintings. It was lack of the studies on the types and causes of damages to transferred wall paintings that baffled their conservation. The types and causes of damages were complex and diversified. Therefore their conservation was very difficult. The concept of systematic investigation and study must be established in conservation and restoration. In this work, comprehensive investigation were carried out to know more about conservation methods and materials of the wall painting transferred from Shiyuan Tomb of early Western Han Dynasty. This investigation will be important to know the types and causes of damages to this wall painting. That will also be helpful to the implementation of conservation and restoration.