长期气管切开老年患者的医院感染分析及护理

Analysis and Nursing of Nosocomial Infection in Elderly Patients with Long-Term Tracheostomy

目的 控制气管切开老年住院患者医院感染的发生。方法 对 11例长期气管切开老年患者的医院下呼吸道感染状况进行回顾性研究和分析。结果 老年患者机体抵抗力低下 ,平均住院时间长 ,下呼吸道感染发病率高 ,痰培养以G 杆菌为主 ,铜绿假单胞菌居首。结论 气管切开是住院老年患者下呼吸道感染的主要原因之一。必须定时细菌监测 ,根据临床观察及监测结果及时调整治疗与用药 ,同时做好老年患者的心理护理 ,严格无菌技术管理 ,合理使用抗生素 ,保证营养。病情稳定要及时脱机 ,进行呼吸道训练。

Objective To understand pathogenic risk factors for nosocomial infection in elderly inpatients who received long term tracheostomy so as to further improve nursing management, prevent and control infection.Methods Retrospective study and analysis was performed of respiratory infection in 11 patients who received long term tracheostomy.Results Elderly patients with long term tracheostomy were more vulnerable to lower respiratory tract infection because of low resistance and long hospital stay,with G bacilli and aeruginous Pseudomonas predominant.Conclusion Tracheostomy is an important cause of lower respiratory infection in aged hospitalized patients, and therefore close clinical observation and regular bacteria monitoring are necessary for timely treatment and medication. In addition, psychological nursing of the aged patients should be emphasized to complement medical treatment. The management of nursing and asepsis technologies, reasonable use of antibiotics, good nutrition, timely withdrawal of the respirator when the patient has recovered, and effective respiratory tract training are effective measures for preventing and controlling infections.