环境演变对中华文明影响研究的进展与展望

Progress and prospect of researches on impacts of environmental changes on Chinese civilization

近年来自然环境演变研究和中华文明演变研究的大量科学积累显示 ,中国的地理环境及其演变与中华文明的产生和发展之间存在着多样而复杂的相互影响关系。从已有的研究成果可以概括出以下认识 :(1)中华文明具有“多元一体结构” ,其连续性得益于与巨大的生存空间相联系的多样的环境类型与环境演变的区域差异。 (2 )尽管并非所有的暖期中华文明都繁盛 ,但中华文明繁盛的时期往往是各种时间尺度上的暖期。 (3)环境极端恶化事件对中华文明产生严重冲击 ,同时也促使文明发生重大变革 ,中华民族在对不利环境影响的适应过程中不断开拓创造、不断积累经验 ,从而促进社会的更大进步。进一步开展有关环境演变对中华文明影响的过程与机制研究 ,应以重大环境演变事件的识别为基础 ,以环境变化引起的资源变化为切入点 。

Researches on environmenal changes and Chinese civilization evolution in recent years has shown that there are really close relationships between the formation and development of Chinese civilization and environment and its changes in China.According to the new findings in environment change and the evolution of Chinese civilization, following conclusions can be made. (1) The unique Chinese civilization is unified from multiplex cultures. The continuity of Chinese civilization is profited from various types of environmental and regional differences in environmental changes related to the vast area of life supporting environment in China. (2) Chinese civilization generally flourishes in the warmer periods on various time scales,even the reverse is not always true.(3) The extreme events of environmental changes may strongly change or even interrupt the development course of Chinese civilization. The civilization has been created and developed in the course of coping with and adapting to the negative impacts. Further researches on the impacts of environmental changes on Chinese civilization should be focused on three aspects:to commence the study with the natural resources changes induced by the environmental changes,to highlight the identification of the magnitude events of environmental changes, and to understand the civilization through the study on the adaptation to the impacts of environmental changes in China.