孟子“尚友”说综述

On Mengzi's Thought About Literature Appreciation And Comment

孟子的文论思想是先秦儒家文论的重要组成部分,特别是在文学欣赏与文学批评方面孟子的思想更是独树一帜,它涉及到创作主体、创作背景、语言表现、读者修养、阅读态度等一系列重大问题。在中国古代文学批评史上,除了刘勰、严羽等少数几位文学理论大师以外,还从来没有哪位哲人能像孟子这样把文学批评问题阐述得如此深刻、如此系统。具体来说,孟子的文论思想主要包括以下三个部分:(一)知人论世;(二)以意逆志;(三)养气知言。

Mengzi' s thought about the literature appreciation and comment, which relates to a series of significant things such as a writer, a background, a expressional skill, a reader's culture, a reading attitude, etc.It is very profound and systemic. Concretely speaking, it mainly include three part;(a) the importance to cognize a writer and the underground of his works; (b) the ideal to realize the intent of a writer according to the meaning of a works;(c) the value to improve a reader's culture to distinguish a writer's words.