贵州省贫困地区农村居民医疗需要和卫生服务利用

A Study on Medical Service Needed and Health Care Utilizationin Impoverished Rural Areas of Guizhou Province

目的 :了解贵州省贫困地区农村居民 ,尤其是其中的弱势人群医疗卫生需要量及卫生服务利用的基本情况和特点。方法 :通过多阶段分层整群随机抽样 ,访贵州省贫困地区农村居民 2 94 3人。结果 :慢性病患病率高于全国农村平均水平 (P <0 0 5 ) ,两周患病率是全国农村平均水平的 1 8倍 ,两周就诊率低于全国农村平均水平。婴幼儿、老年人及特困人口的医疗需要量高于其他人群。老年人相对于其高需要而言卫生服务利用率低 ;不同收入人群的卫生服务利用率非贫困人口最高 ,贫困人口次之 ,特困人口最低。结论 :与全国农村相比 ,贵州省贫困地区农村居民的卫生服务需求状况呈现出高需要、低利用的特点 ;老年人、特困人口是卫生服务的重点人群。

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to study the needs and utilizations of basic medical service for rural residents, especially the disadvantaged groups in poor areas of Guizhou. Methods: We interviewed 2 943 rural residents using multiple stratified cluster sampling method. Results: The morbidity of chronic diseases was higher than that of the national rural average level( P<0 05 ),and the two week morbidity was 1 8 times of the average level, but the rate of visiting a doctor within two weeks was lower. The needs for medical service of infant, the elderly and the poorest were higher than that for other people. Compared with their high needs, the elderly had a low rate of utilizing health services. Among different populations at different income levels, the rates of utilizing health services showed differences. The non poor had higher rate than the poor. Conclusions: Compared with the average rate of rural areas at national level,the characteristics are high demand and low utilization to health services among the residents in poor rural areas of Guizhou. Old people and the poorest are special populations who need more health services.