甘蔗花叶病毒在玉米种子中的分布及其与种子传毒的关系

Study on seed transmission of Sugarcane mosaic virus in maize

采用免疫学、电镜观察、RT-PCR、组织培养及生物学测定等方法,针对引起玉米矮花叶病的甘蔗花叶病毒(Sugar-cane mosaic virus,SCMV)在高感自交系Mo17的乳熟期、蜡熟期、成熟期和室温贮存的成熟干种子上的分布部位及其各部位病毒的侵染性进行了研究。结果表明:病毒存在于种皮、胚乳的糊粉层和胚内,糊粉层和胚内的病毒具有侵染活力,胚内的可侵染性病毒可以通过发芽传递给下一代幼苗,完成病毒的种子传播过程。在种皮内没有检测到具有侵染活力的病毒,在胚乳的淀粉层内未检测到病毒。在种子成熟过程中,种子内的病毒不断得到积累,随着种子的脱水、干燥又被部分钝化,使得种子传毒率降低。

Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is an important seed-borne virus in maize. This paper is report on the detection of SCMV in maize seed (inbred Mo17) by ELISA, electron microscopy, biological assay and tissue culture technology. The SCMV particles or inclusions were found in testa, aleuronic layer of endosperm and embryo tissue, but not in starch layer of endosperm. The virus particles in aleuronic layer and embryo have been shown to invade the growing maize seedling.