电力市场中发电机组输出量的调节与优化

OUTPUT ADJUSTMENT AND OPTIMIZATION FOR GENERATING SETS IN ELECTRICITY MARKETS

研究了发电公司机组输出量调节的方式,即提前增容或减容和延后增容或减容等方式。但文中指出,由于机组存在机械惯性,因而无论采用哪种调节方式,都不可避免地会造成系统供需的不平衡,出现系统功率的盈余或缺额,导致增加调频费用及用户因频率波动而带来的损失,最终增加了发电公司的调节成本;不同调节方式对发电公司本身和系统的影响是不一样的。文中提出了机组调节成本最小化的发电策略及其数学模型。实例仿真结果表明,发电公司的竞标电量不仅受机组生产成本、调节成本、上升率和下降率的影响,而且还受市场需求量、网络节点电压、系统频率和线路输送能力等因素的制约。

Two methods to adjust the generation output level of generation companies, such as forward-increase or decrease and delay-increase or decrease are researched. Because of mechanical inertia of generating units, whether what kind of adjusting method is used the imbalance between the power supply and power demand will inevitably be eventualized, the surplus or shortage of power in the system leads to the increment of the charge for frequency regulation and the user's losses caused by frequency fluctuation will correspondingly be increased, at last, it will form the regulation cost of generation companies, and the influence of different adjusting method on the system and the generation companies themselves are dissimilar. The power generation strategies with minimized adjustment cost of the generating sets and its mathematical model are proposed. The simulation results of practical examples show that the bidding electricity quantities of the generation companies not only depend on the production costs of the generating sets, adjustment costs and the responsive speed of the generating sets to the adjusting instructions, but also restrain by the demand of market, nodal voltage in the system, system frequency and transmission capability of the power lines.