西藏普通小麦地方品种醇溶蛋白遗传多样性研究

Gliadin polymorphism of wheat (Triticum aestivum) landraces from Tibet

本文对128份来源于西藏堆龙德庆、工布江达、江孜、墨竹工卡、曲水、日喀则、拉萨、贡嘎、乃东、琼结和泽当等地的普通小麦地方品种的醇溶蛋白遗传多样性进行了研究。结果表明,这些材料的醇溶蛋白共有112种不同的带纹组合类型,根据迁移率的不同,可分为40条不同的谱带,有4条带为所有材料共有,每个材料可出现11～23条带。40条醇溶蛋白带可分为α、β、γ和ω4个区,绝大多数品种在α、β、γ和ω4个区均存在差异,α区共有7条谱带,24种不同带型;β区共7条谱带,11种不同带型;γ区共有7条谱带,32种不同的变异类型,ω区共有19条谱带,共有94种不同的带型。聚类分析可将这些地方品种分为五大类。本文还对西藏地方小麦品种的利用价值作了讨论。

In order to better understanding the genetic diversity among wheat (Triticum aestivum) landrace from Tibet, one hundred and twenty eight wheat cultivars with their origin from Duilongdeqing, Gongbujiangda, Jiangzi, Mozugongka, Qushui, Rikaze, Lasa, Gongga, Naidong, Qiongjie and Zedang were used for gliadin polymorphism analysis. The results showed that one hundred and twelve different gliadin combination types were detected, and forty bands were separated and 4 of them were shared by all cultivars, which was shown by mobility in the A-PAGE (Acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) of 128 cultivars. Total glidian bands ranged from 11 to 23 according to different cultivars. The 40 bands could be divided into four zones,α、β、γ and ω zones. Seven bands and 24 bands combinations were shown in α zone;7 bands and 11 bands combinations could be detected in β zone; 7 and 32 bands combinations could be separated in γ zone,and 24 bands and 94 bands combination types were found in ω zone. The cluster analysis showed that all of these cultivars could be divided into five groups. In addition, the potential utilization of Tibet landrace wheat was discussed.