重庆番茄青枯病病原鉴定及抗源材料筛选

Identifying of pathogen and screening of resistance to bacterial wilt on tomato in Chongqing

青枯病是重庆番茄生产主要障碍之一,为选育抗病品种,在明确病原的基础上,进行了抗源材料筛选。2000～2003年分离出番茄青枯病病菌68株,经致病性测定、培养性状、生化测定等研究,明确重庆市番茄青枯病病原菌为Ralstoniasolanacearum,生理小种1,生化型Ⅲ。苗期室内人工接种抗性鉴定设伤根浸根接种法、灌注接种法、剪叶接种法3种处理,结果以伤根浸根接种法更为准确、可靠。经苗期室内人工接种鉴定、田间病圃自然诱发鉴定、温室病圃诱发鉴定,结合农艺性状比较研究,筛选出F9819 2 1、F9802 1 1、600 1 1、599 1 1等4份高抗青枯病、农艺性状优良、性状稳定的优异材料,可望在育种上进一步利用。

Tomato cultivation was set back in Chongqing due to severe incidence of bacterial wilt.Therefore,the work was initiated to identify the pathogen and screen resources with resistance to tomato bacterial wilt.68 isolates of pathogen of tomato bacterial wilt were obtained during 2000-2003. The morphological characteristics,cultural characteristics,biochemical properties and pathogenicity of isolates indicated that they were Ralstonia solanacearum,race 1,and biotype Ⅲ.Studies of methods of seedlings inoculation revealed that injuring and submerging roots of seedlings was the best one,compared with pouring roots and cutting leafs.Ten tomato varieties were evaluated for the resistance to bacterial wilt and the agronomic characters.The results showed that four varieties F9819-2-1,F9802-1-1,600-1-1,and 599-1-1 had high resistance to bacterial wilt,higher yield,good qualities,and are promising breeding materials.