宁波市盐酸克仑特罗使用的监控与消长动态

Monitor and fluctuation of illegal use of clenbuterol-HCl in Ningbo City

为了监控宁波市违法使用盐酸克仑特罗作饲料添加剂以及盐酸克仑特罗在商品猪肉与可食组织内的残留情况,于1999—2002连续4年,通过在集贸市场、生猪定点屠宰场、猪场及饲料生产企业分期分批抽取相关样品计2766份,检测了样品中的盐酸克仑特罗残留,按场所、区域、猪体部位及尿样进行分类分析,并探讨了不同年份的消长规律。结果发现,盐酸克仑特罗残留总检出率为18.8%,场所之间以定点屠宰场检出率为最高,达31.3%,饲料厂检出率最低,为3.3%。在宁波市管内不同区域的检出率差异明显,说明盐酸克仑特罗的使用存在明显的区域性;而外地与本地生猪相关样品残留物检出经比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。在不同的猪体部位的检出率和含量存在明显差异,以猪毛检出率为最高30.8%(4/13),猪尿中含量最高,而猪肉与其他可食组织检出率为10.5%。2002年检出率比前一年呈非常显著下降(P<0.01),表明日益完善的相关法律、法规体系是制止违法使用违禁药物行为的有效手段。

To monitor the illegal use of clenbuterol-HCl as feed additive and its residues in pork and the edible tissues on sale, the clenbuterol-HCl in pork, visceral organs, bone, blood, hair, and urine collected from the fixed slaughterhouses, pig farms, feed manufacturers, and farm markets were determined in 1999-2002. On average, 18.8% of samples including urine, hair, kidney, lung, liver and meat from pigs, and feed, were clenbuterol-positive. Occurrence of clenbuterol-positive samples was the highest at the fixed slaughterhouses (31.3%) and the lowest in feed manufacturers ((3.3)%). Occurrence of clenbuterol-positive samples showed obvious regional distribution in the City, but there was no significant difference between the samples of pigs from local farms and other provinces (P>0.05). There were distinct differences in occurrence and content of clenbuterol-HCl in the different parts of swine. There was the highest occurrence of clenbuterol-HCl in hairs and the highest content of clenbuterol-HCl in urine. Among pork and the edible tissues,(10.5)% of samples was clenbuterol-positive. Occurrence of clenbuterol-positive samples presented yearly fluctuation. Occurrence of clenbuterol-positive samples was significantly declined in 2002 (P<0.01) compared with 2001.