新型硝酸羟胺基液体推进剂毒理研究进展

Proceedings on the Toxicity of a New Hydroxylammonium Nitrate(HAN)-based Liquid Propellant

硝酸羟胺 (HAN)是新型硝酸羟胺基液体推进剂的主要毒理活性成分。动物实验显示 ,它属于中等毒性类化学物质 ,能通过皮肤、食道和呼吸道等多种途径染毒 ,严重地损害皮肤、眼睛和血液系统中的红细胞 ,对肝脏、脑、肾脏、胸腺和生殖系统也有不同程度的损伤。硝酸羟胺中毒的明显症状是脾肿大、红细胞损伤、亨氏小体的形成 ,引发溶血性贫血、高铁血红蛋白症。本文综述了硝酸羟胺的毒性毒理反应现象 ,并提出了预防硝酸羟胺中毒的初步防护方法。

Hydroxylammonium nitrate(HAN) is the main active toxic component of the new HAN based liquid propellant.It is a moderately toxic and caustic substance to animals, and can be administrated through dermal, oral or respiratory route. HAN causes severe damage to skins,eyes,and red blood cells of the hematologic system.Signicant signs of HAN poisoning include hemolytic anemia,methemoglobinemia, splenomegaly, erythrocyte destruction and Heinz body formation. This review summarize the toxicity of hydroxylammonium nitrate,and discuss the primary protection methods.