新疆喀什噶尔冲积平原区地下水水化学特征

Chemical Characteristics of Groundwater in Kashgaer Alluvial plain,Xinjiang

以矿化度和水化学类型两个主要指标阐述了喀什冲积平原区地下水水化学的基本特征 ,用相关分析的方法和R型聚类方法定量分析了地下水水化学组分含量与矿化度及各组分相互依存关系 ,探讨了该地区的地下水水化学特征的形成与演化的因素。研究表明 :(1)当地的地下水化学特征具有鲜明的水平和垂直分带性 ,水化学类型主要为硫酸盐型水 ,在阴离子中占主导地位的为硫酸根离子和氯离子 ,且含量与矿化度呈线形相关 (p <0 .0 1) ;阳离子中 ,钠离子与钙离子占优势 ,其含量亦与矿化度呈线形相关 (p <0 .0 1)。 (2 )影响地下水化学特征的天然因素主要包括气候因素、水文因素与水文地质因素 ;人类活动因素主要为引水工程和灌溉工程、凿井工程 ,人类活动对地下水化学特征的作用逐渐加大。

In the paper, according to current data, the authors represent primary hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in Kashgaer alluvial plain with indices of hydrochemical type and mineralization degree, analyze quantitatively the relationships between water chemical composition and mineralization degree by the methods of correlation analysis and cluster analysis and explore the basic factors affecting hydrochemical characteristics formulation. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the hydrochemical characteristic of the groundwater has markedly vertical and horizontal zonation, the dominant hydrochemical type is sulfate, and there are lineal relationship (p<0.01) between the main irons and the mineralization degree. (2) the factors affecting hydrochemical characteristics formation are nature, which includes climate, hydrology and hydrogeology and human activity, which includes the projects of sluice, irrigation and sinking well.