黑河流域水资源开发对额济纳绿洲的影响及对策

Influence of Water Resources Development on Ejin Oasis in Heihe River Basin and Countermeasures

位于黑河下游的额济纳绿洲,是我国北方的一道天然屏障,更是黑河中上游的重要绿色生态屏障。近年来黑河流域水资源的开发已严重影响到额济纳绿洲的可持续发展,生态环境急剧恶化,经济增长缓慢,社会发展停滞不前。作者通过分析黑河流域水资源利用现状及对额济纳绿洲生态环境、社会、经济发展的影响,提出合理分配水资源,严禁开荒,退耕还林(草),调整产业结构,开展节水农业等可持续发展对策。

Ejin Oasis, located in the lower reaches of Heihe River, is a natural wind-sand barrier for North China and especially an important ecological green-shelter of the middle and upper reaches of Heihe River. In recent years, there were serious eco-environmental degradation and slow social and economic development resulted from unreasonable water resources development and utilization. Irrational water resources development has been seriously affecting the sustainable development of Ejin Oasis. The present situations of water resources development and influence on eco-environmental, economic and social development in Ejin Oasis have been analyzed in the paper, it was suggested that some measures for sustainable development must be taken to solve the present problems, such as rationally distribute water resources, strictly forbid cultivating virgin land, return crop plots to forestry or grassland, adjust industrial structure, develop water-saving agriculture, etc.