乳腺癌的影像诊断现状与进展

The present situation and advance diagnosis imaging of mammary cancer

乳腺癌的早期检出影像检查占重要地位。①超声检查 :乳腺肿块内微小钙化、边缘“毛刺”征、纵横比大于 1 ,癌的可能性最大。通过半定量法和彩色扑获技术观察癌肿血流峰值流速、彩色像素平均密度、血管平均密度对鉴别良、恶性肿瘤有很大帮助。穿入型血管和MVD对诊断乳癌有较高敏感性。②MRI检查 :采用顺磁对比剂Gd DTPA强化再行MIP重建对乳癌的显示率为 1 0 0 %。MRS强烈提示乳癌组织内胆碱水平增高 ,水 /脂肪比率明显大于正常组织 ,是诊断乳癌重要标准。③CT检查 :薄层扫描能发现直径 0 .2cm癌灶 ,乳癌增高的相关参数和MVD密切相关。较好显示转移淋巴结情况。④X线检查 :对乳癌钙化灶的检出最具优势 ,X线数字摄影有助CAD。MWA和CMRP技术能提高判定乳癌的可靠性。⑤红外热像图 :通过数字化定量系统对乳癌热区温度量化分析 ,标定病变中心与周围组织温差 ,判断肿块良、恶性。⑥微创影像 :对缺乏影像特征的微小病灶开展超声引导活检、3D CE

The early di agnosis of breast cancer is important.① Ultrasonic exam ination: The small calcification and edge “fur' sign in the of mammary cancer,t hat is cancer if the ratio of vertical and horizontal is larger than 1.Through h alf ration and multicolor snap technique look into the peak value velocity blood flow of mammary cancer,the average density of multicolor pixel and blood vessel to distinguish benign,malignant tumor have advantage.The entering blood vessel and MVD for diagnosis mammary cancer have higher sensitivity.② MRI examination: the ratio of displaying is 100% through adopting Gd-DTPA enhancing in mammary ca ncer.It is the important standard that MRS suggesting choline level is higher in mammary cancer,the ratio of water/fatty is larger than normal organization.③ C T examination:The thin layer scanning can discover the diameter smaller than 0.2 cm of mammary cancer. It is related between mammary cancer rising related parame ter and MVD.That can show better the condition of lymph node.④ X-ray examinati on:It has the advantage of discovering the calcification of mammary cancer,The d igital X-ray is helpful to the CAD.MWA and CMRP technology can rise the reliabi lity of mammary cancer.⑤ Infrared heat imaging:It is helpful to distinguish ben ign,malignant tumor through the digital quantitative system that can analysis th e hot district in quantification of mammary cancerand mark the difference temper ature of center and around of mammary cance.⑥ Minimal imaging:For lacking imagi ng character of the smaller lesion we can develop ultrasound guiding aspiration biopsy and 3D-CE-PDU better ultrasonic imaging.It can deter the nature through X-ray 3D locational aspiration biopsy,MRI and CT guiding aspiration biopsy.