民俗与民法

Folk Customs and Civil Law

民俗指民众的风俗习惯 ,民法是调整平等主体间的财产关系和人身关系的法律规范的总称。民俗是从世代相传的经验中发展起来的 ,民法的源头在于民俗。民俗直接影响着民法的产生与发展、内容与形式 ,是民法的精神依归。民法取代民俗 ,其根本动因归属于社会基本矛盾运动 ,此外 ,民法的产生还受到民族矛盾、文化矛盾等多种综合矛盾的作用 ,是民俗无力驾驭、控制调节社会矛盾的结果。对利益冲突的调和 ,民法比民俗更具确定性和可操作性。民俗是一种历久弥经的文化积淀 ,它产生于遥远的古代 ,绵延于现代文明社会 ,今天 ,它仍不失为研究民法时不可忽视的研究对象和方法 ,从这独特的视角可以揭示民法的起源、本意和价值。

Folk customs are the people's customs and habit, while Civil Law is a collective term referring to the legal standards regulating the property relationship and personal relationship among the equal subjects. Folk customs are the origin and spiritual basis of Civil Law. However, Civil Law gradually replaces folk customs because of the movement of basic social contradictions. The emergence of Civil Law is the result that folk customs have not enough power to control and regulate the social contradictions.