闳约深美 至大之境──从扶掖上海美专再认识蔡元培的美育思想

Paramount Realm: Grandeur, Conciseness, Profundity, Beauty ──Recognizing Cai YuanPeis Thoughts of Aesthetic Education in His Supporting ShangHai TrainingSchool of Fine Arts

首倡并“激进”中国美感教育“唯一的中坚人物”蔡元培,在共和体制建立之初,以前所未有的壮举,取法欧洲教育体制中的科学机制,新定五育方针,尤其是以突出“美育”来“毁孔子庙罢其祀”,奠基中国近代教育。其后,又力主“以美育代宗教说”,提出“闳约深美”的意境。从宏观上看,四字意境深邃,不啻治学“津梁”,更应视为美育度人之“金针”,是对社会群体素质的普遍要求,具有“救国”的新含义。同时,也是人类精神情感指归的终极境界。这种境界至大至伟,远阔无垠,犹如重山复水,瀚海绝巘,需要永无休止的跋涉攀登,永不停息的进取升华。他的美育思想可以从扶掖上海美专的过程中再度认识。

Cai YuanPei was a key personnel in Chinese aesthetic education. He followed the scientific examples ofEuropean educational systems, and drew up guiding principles for five sorts of educations, especially stressing aestheticeducation instead of confucianism, which laid a foundation of Chinese education in modern times. Then he advocated tosubstitute aesthetic education for religions,and put forward the artistic conception of grandeur,conciseness,profundity andbeauty,which was of great significance to us. We can recognize his aesthetic education in his supporting ShangHai TrainingSchool of Fine Arts.