高原冷凉地区保护性耕作技术的示范试验

Representative Experiment on Conservation Tillage Technology in Cold and Plateau Area

通过对中等规模面积的小麦、莜麦保护性耕作中试示范,对保护性耕作技术的适应性和免耕播种机的可靠性进行了考核。试验结果表明:在高原冷凉地区实施保护性耕作技术种植小麦和莜麦是可行的,并能取得良好的增产效益、节本效益及社会效益;同时,保护性耕作所使用的免耕播种机,在秸秆残茬覆盖的地表工作,其性能可靠、通过性好,能实现化肥深施和免耕播种。该示范试验是机械化保护性耕作技术体系完整的补充,为旱作地区大面积推广保护性耕作技术及抗旱增收提供了可靠的经验。

Adaptation of the conservation tillage technology and reliability of the no-tillage planter were evaluated by representative experiment of medium-scale area with the conservation tillage technology to plant wheat and oat. The representative experiment showed that conservation tillage technology is feasible for planting wheat and oat in cold and plateau area. It can increase output and reduce costs and promote the public interest. The conservation tillage mechanism works well. It can pass through soil surface that is covered with crop straws and residues to sow seed with no-tillage and deeply spread fertilizer at the same time. Technical system of the conservation tillage was established for dry and cold and plateau area. The representative experiment is of substantial practical significance to increase yield with drought alleviated and to large-scale spread the conservation tillage technology for dry region.