标准之争,抑或观念之争?——对“客观真实论”与“法律真实论”之争的冷思考

On the controversy between “the Theory of Objective Truth” and “the Theory of Legal Truth”

“客观真实”与“法律真实”都不是刑事证明标准。“客观真实论”与“法律真实论”之争是关于诉讼认识的观念之争 ,而不是关于刑事证明的标准之争。两者虽然在表面上就刑事证明标准展开了争论 ,但其基本观点却是一致的 ,学界将两者之争视为刑事证明标准之争的看法是一种误解。我国传统证据理论对刑事证明标准的错误概括以及对证明标准的主观性的忽视甚至否定 ,是这场讨论并没有真正涉及刑事证明标准的主要原因。

Objective Truth” and“Legal Truth' are all not the standard of criminal proof. The controversy between “ the Theory of Objective Truth” and “the Theory of Legal Truth 'is the debate on the cognitive ability in criminal procedure but not on the standard of criminal proof. Though ostensibly the two theories are just the arguments about the standard of criminal proof, they have the same basic viewpoints, so it is a misunderstanding that the controversy is about the standard of criminal proof. Chinese traditional theory of evidence falsely generalizes the standard of criminal proof, and neglects or negates the subjectivity of the standard of proof. It is the main cause of not touching upon the standard of criminal proof in the debating.