改革开放以后北京城镇居民食品消费生活的变化

Food Consumption and Lifestyle Changes of Beijing Urban Residents since Reform and Opening Up

改革开放以后的20年,北京城镇居民的食品消费生活经历了从勉强温饱到温饱再到小康状态的转变。在前一阶段,居民主要是追求吃的数量的扩充,主要特点是实现了从以“主食”消费为主向以“副食”消费为主的转化;在后一阶段,居民开始追求吃的质量的提高,营养、新鲜、方便、快捷的食品受到普遍欢迎。北京城镇居民食品消费生活的这种变化在某种程度上是中国居民生活水平普遍提高的反映,而中国绝大多数人的生活能够不断地得到改善,这一看似简单的现象正是中国渐进的社会主义改革不断取得成功的社会基础。

In the two decades of reform and opening up, the food consumption of Beijing urban residents has developed from a state of bare satisfaction of basic needs to one of relative prosperity. In the previous stage, residents mainly pursued quantitative expansion of food intake, and this stage was marked by a shift from a reliance on stable food items to other, additional food items. In the following stage, residents began to focus on the quality of food; nutritious, fresh, convenient and fast foods have been popular. To some extent, this change in the food consumption of Beijing residents reflects the general improvement in Chinese people' s living conditions.