山东汉代墓葬出土陶器的初步研究

A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE POTTERY UNEARTHED FROM HAN TOMBS IN SHANDONG

20世纪50年代以来，山东地区已清理两汉时期的墓葬数以千计，出土随葬品颇为丰富，其中陶器占绝大多数。这些陶器种类繁多，器形复杂多变。本文拟据已发表的山东汉代墓葬资料，对整个山东地区汉代墓葬出土的陶器进行初步整理，主要通过类型排比的方法。

In the light of the already published data on Han period tombs in Shandong, the present paper summarizes the general character of their funeral pottery. With the typological method the authors analyze the pottery and sum up the characteristics of the main types and the evolutionary pattern they reflect. Based on the typological features of the typical vessels and the pottery combinations in the typical burials, the funeral pottery can be divided into six successive periods. Referring to other objects coexisting in the same burials, the Han tombs in Shandong can be divided into six stages, i. e. the early, middle and late Western Han, the Xin and the earlier and later Eastern Han. In addition, the different manners of pottery combination in the tombs and the variety of the pottery vessels in local feature show that the Han tombs fall into the southern Shandong, northern Shandong and Jiaodong regional groups. The authors also summarize the funeral pottery of these groups and the burial customs they reflect. Finally, the authors preliminarily research into the relationship between the pottery of Han tombs in Shandong and that in surrounding regions such as the northern Jiangsu, northern Anhui, Central Plains, eastern Henan and southern Hebei.