元初江南儒士的处境及社会角色的转变

The Situation and Transformation of Social Roles of the Southern Scholars in the Early Time of Yuan Dynasty

宋元更替 ,使原先在江南社会中占统治地位的儒士阶层受到很大的冲击。在客观环境与元政权笼络政策的共同作用下 ,江南儒士阶层迅速分化。有的仍以遗民自居 ,敌视元朝 ;有的拒绝仕宦 ,归隐民间 ;但大多数江南儒士开始承认元朝的统治 ,接受元政权任命的学官 ,于是江南社会中逐渐形成了一个由学官组成的社会群体 。

After Yuan Dynasty had taken the place of Song Dynasty the southern Confucian scholars were deprived of the special political and economic rights.They had to make living with their own hands.The tough environment compelled them to divide into mainly three groups.A few of them were still loyal to Southern Song Imperial court.Some of them became hermits in the mountain and rural areas.The major part of them yielded to Yuan government and accepted the appointments of Yuan government.Almost all the southern Confucian scholars who accepted Yuan domination were appointed drillmasters.A new social group emerged in the Southern area.To the southern scholars,by way of being drillmasters they found their new role in the new situation.It indicated that they had completed their transformation of social roles.