蒋介石的不抵抗和张学良的不抵抗

Jiang Kai-shiek’s Non-Resistance and Zhang Xueliang’s Non-Resistance

对九一八事变时不抵抗的研究 ,史学界多局限在蒋介石和张学良的责任之争、原因之辩 ,而对二人在不抵抗上的异同却不见铺陈。其实 ,蒋和张的不抵抗存在着明显的区别 :蒋因欲避免全国抗战而不抵抗 ,张因主张“全面抗战”而不抵抗 ;蒋可用局部抵抗来避免或拖延全国抗战 ,张却不愿独自局部抗战 ,只能用不抵抗来等待全国抗战。深入分析蒋和张二人这种在不抵抗上的分歧和演变 ,有助于弄清这一段历史的真实面目 ,理解他们间的这种分歧 。

Many historical studies to non resistance of “September 18 incident” were limited to dispute the different responsibility and cause between Jiang Kai shiek and Zhang Xueliang.They have not studied the different non resistances between Jiang and Zhang.In fact,their non resistances were quite different:Jiang’s non resistance was based on his strategy for avoiding the whole China’s war against Japanese.He tried to put off the whole scale war.Zhang Xue liang’s non resistance was based on his opinion that all the Chinese people must be appealed to join the resistance war against Japanese invasion.He could do nothing but wait the whole scale war to break out.It will help us to make clear about the truth of “September 18 incident” through analyzing the difference between their non resistance.This differences between Jiang and Zhang sowed the seed for “Sian incident”.