不同阶层育龄妇女婚姻满意度及影响因素分析

Marital Satisfaction and Its Factors of Married Women with Childbearing Age from Different Classes

目的探讨不同阶层的育龄妇女婚姻满意度及影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样方法 ,使用Olson婚姻满意度问卷、艾森克个性问卷等工具 ,随机调查已婚育龄妇女 ,共计 175例完整资料。按阶层不同 ,把研究对象分为计生组 (A组 )、较高阶层 (服务对象 )组 (B组 )和较低阶层 (服务对象 )组 (C组 )。对三组有关指标分析。结果 (1)A组、B组婚姻满意度分比C组高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;A组与B组婚姻满意度分差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。 (2 )逐步多元回归分析显示 :A组 5个变量进入方程 ,为年龄、婚龄、经济福利满意度、积极应对方式、客观社会支持 ;B组 6个变量进入方程 ,为消极应对方式、躯体健康满意度、社会支持利用度、年龄、积极应对方式、精神质 ;C组 4个变量进入方程 ,为精神质、社会支持利用度、内外向、婚龄。结论 (1)计生组与较高阶层组婚姻满意度差异无显著性 ,二者均高于较低阶层组。 (2 )阶层是影响婚姻满意度的重要因素 ;三组婚姻满意度的影响因素不尽相同。

Objective To explore the marital satisfaction and its influencing factors of married women with childbearing age from different social classes. Methods One hundred and seventy-five complete cases were obtained with randomly investigated by means of ENRICH's marital satisfaction, EPQ, and etc, and further divided into three groups, group A, group B, and group C in terms of different social classes. Then comparisons were carried out among the three groups. Results (1) The means of marital satisfaction in group A and in group B were significantly higher than that in group C ( P <0.05). But between group A and group B, the means were not significantly different ( P >0.05). (2) Stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that five variables in the group A, six variables in group B, and four variables in group C respectively entered multiple regression equations. Conclusion (1) There was no significant difference of marital satisfaction between group A and group B. Both of them were better than group C. (2) Social class was an important factor, and influencing factors of marital satisfaction in the three groups were not completely alike.