承赐型“被”字句

On the Favor-accepting Type of Passive Sentences with the Marker “bei (被) ”

本文讨论承赐型“被”字句。所谓“承赐”,即接受赐予。一般“被”字句为遭受型,基本表义倾向为拂意;本文讨论的承赐型“被”字句,为适应特定语用要求而使用,基本表义倾向为称心。承赐型“被”字句是“被”字句中相对独立的一个类型,在形式上使用了特定的动词,构成了特定的格局。这类“被”字句自古有之,但到现当代才发展定型。本文包括五个部分:1. 代表格式;2. B式核心动词的多样性;3. 格式的相关情况;4. 源流辨;5. 结束语。

This paper focuses on the favor-accepting type of passive sentences with the marker bei (被). The term favor-accepting means accepting the favor done by others. Generally speaking, passive sentences with the marker bei (被), which are prone to denote the meaning of dissatisfaction, are of the type of suffering. But basically, the favor-accepting type discussed in this paper is prone to denote the meaning of satisfaction in order to meet the pragmatic need. Favor-accepting type of passive sentences with the marker bei (被) is an isolated type compared with other types of passive sentences. It utilizes some special verbs in syntax, and forms a special structure. This paper is divided into five parts: Part I. Typical Structure; Part II. Diversity of the Nuclear Verbs in Type B; Part III. Some Relevant Information About the Structure; Part IV. Differentiation of the Sources; Part V. Conclusion.