有氧健身运动对中老年女性体质的影响

Effects of Aerobic Fitness Exercises on Physical Ability of Middle-aged and Old Women

采用分组测试与问卷调查法,了解有氧运动对中老年女性体质的影响。结果表明,在中年更年期,长期参加有氧运动组女性的WHR、安静脉搏、舒张压低于较少运动组,而肺活量、握力、坐位体前屈、最大摄氧量高于较少运动组的女性,差异具显著性;在老年前期,长期参加有氧运动组女性的BMI、WHR、体脂率、舒张压均显著低于较少运动组,而肺活量、握力和单足站立高于较少运动组的女性,差异具显著性。据此,长期参加有氧运动可明显改善中老年女性的体质状况。

The present study used the methods of measurement in groups and questionnaire to understand the effects of aerobic exercise on the physical ability of middle-aged and old women. The results have indicated that in climacteric, the WHR, HR at rest and DBP are lower for the women who have held on long-term aerobic exercise compared with those who seldom take part in the exercise, while the vital capacity, grip, the range of seated thunk bending forward and O_2 max are greater for the former than the latter. The difference is significant. In early senility, the BMI, WHR, body fat and DBP of the former are lower, while their vital capacity, grip and the endurance of standing with single leg are higher or better in comparison with the latter. The difference is also significant. Accordingly, holding on long-term aerobic exercise can improve obviously the physical ability of middle-aged and old women.