运动行为的理论与其模型

Theories and Model of Exercise Behavior

理解和促进健康相关的训练和身体活动需要有合理的理论基础。本文运用4种理论方法阐述了运动行为的理论。这种理论是:信念态度理论(HMB);能力论;控制论;决定论,并在此理论基础上进一步阐述了:健康信念模型;保护性动机理论(PMT);合理行为理论(TRA)和计划行为理论(TPB);自我效能论(SET);控制点论(LOC);自我决策论;行为变化的跨理论模型(TTM)。我们得出:在运动行为研究领域最得到支持的理论是:TPB,SET和TTM。而SDT理论开始受到关注和支持。

The understanding and promotion of health-related exercise and physical activity need to be based on appropriate theory. We review theories of exercise behavior using four categories. There are belief-attitude theories, competence-based theories, control-based theories, and decision-making theories. Individual theoretical approaches reviewed are the Health Belief Model or Protection motivationTheory, Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior (TPB), Self-Efficacy Theory(SET), Locus of Control, Self-determination Theory(SDT), and the Transtheoretical Model of behavior change(TTM). We conclude that the most supported theories in the exercise domain are the TPB, SET and the TTM, with SDT starting to receive attention and support.