初议防疫-减灾综合体制

Preliminary discussion on integrated epidemic prevention and disaster reduction system

危害生命健康的自然灾害和疫病的发生,既有内因,也有外因;既有自然因素,也有社会因素,而根本上是由地球气圈、水圈、岩石圈、生物圈和人类社会圈等诸圈层的运动、变异和相互影响造成的。自然灾害和疫病各自具有独特的属性与表象特征,然而总体来看,无论是在时间分布与空间分布上,还是在灾因、病因上,两者又具有广泛的联系性。因此应以系统整体观为指导,研究自然灾害与疫病的发生、发展规律,并建立以保护资源、保护环境、减少各种致灾因素和推动防疫减灾系统工程为基础的社会防疫-减灾综合体制。为了维护国家安全,防疫与减灾要协调并进。

It is held, in this paper, that the natural disasters and epidemic diseases results from both the internal and external causes, and within these causes, some belong in nature and others originate from society. However, further analyses show that the formation and development of both natural disasters and epidemic diseases are all controlled, radically, by the movements, variances and interactions of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere and human society of the earth system. For natural disasters and epidemic deseases, There are broad correlations not only in their spatial and temporal distribution but also in their causation, although these two kinds of (events) have their own basic attributes and superficial features. According to these reality, the authors hold that it is necessary to build up the integrated system for epidemic disease prevention and disaster reduction which regards the natural resources and environment protection, the disaster-inducing factor decrease and the epidemic disease prevention and disaster reduction engineering promotion as its essential works, based on studying the rules of natural disaster and epidemic disease development under the direction of the systematic and integrated idea. The authors also emphasize, in this paper, that, in order to safeguard our country's security, the epidemic disease prevention and disaster reduction affairs should be conducted harmonicly.